Governmental policies are better utilized to address economic and societal challenges. This paper aims to study the effects of disaggregated government expenditure and revenues on measures of individual prosperity, including the human development index, labour productivity, and unemployment rate in Nigeria. Secondary data covering the period 1992–2021 were collected and analysed using Johansen co-integration, error correction model, and coefficient of correlation techniques. The results suggest that both government expenditure and revenue have longrun effects on the human development index and unemployment rate, but only recurrent expenditure has a significant short-run effect on the human development index. Additionally, the study found that labour productivity growth is positively and significantly correlated with oil revenue but negatively correlated with non-oil revenue and government expenditures. The study calls for strategically driven fiscal policies to promote prosperity and labour productivity for sustainable and consistent economic development in Nigeria.